Final Exam Study Slide - 15

Robert Frank
Parade - Hoboken, New Jersey
1956

From Frank's book, The Americans

Final Exam Study Slide - 14

Lewis Baltz
South Wall Xerox Element #27 The New Industrial Parks Near Irvin, CA
1975

See your text for information on this photograph!!

Final Exam Study Slide - 13

Robert Adams
Untitled (Denver 1970)
1970

Know the term!! - New Topographic

Final Exam Study Slide - 12

Ralph Eugene Meatyard
Untitled (Boy in Old Man's Mask with Doll)
c. 1960

Meatyard made eyeglasses for a living. On the weekends he would load his family in the station wagon and explore the south photographing strange and mysterious scenes concocted by Meatyard himself of his wife and children.

Final Exam Study Slide - 11

Lewis Hine
Icarus atop the Empire State Building
1931

Final Exam Study Slide - 10

Stephen Shore
Horseshoe Bend Motel Lovell, Wyoming, July 16, 1973
1973

From Shore's Book, Uncommon Places

Final Exam Study Slide - 9

Joel Strenfeld
After a Flash Flood, Rancho Mirage, CA
1979

Traveling the United States with an 8x10 view camera and a police scanner, Sternfeld documented both the familiar and the sometimes unbelievable events of everyday life in his book, American Prospects.

Final Exam Study Slide - 8

David Levinthal
from "Hitler Moves East"
1975-77

See class notes for more information!!

Final Exam Study Slide - 7

Henri Cartier-Bresson
Behind the Gaze St. Lazare, Paris
1993

HCB's work coined the phrase, "the decisive moment".

Final Exam Study Slide - 6

Eugene Atget
Shop, Avenue des Gobelins
1925

Photographing early 20th century Paris, Atget made images of the early morning city streets, creating a haunting but beautiful record of the urban landscape. For most of his life Atget's work was unrecognized and he struggled financially. It was only after his death and with the help of photographer Bernice Abbot that his work became well known.

Final Exam Study Slide - 5

Walker Evans
Alabama Tenant Farmer Floyd Burroughs
1936

During the 1930s, Evans made photographs for the Farm Security Administration(FSA). One of his subjects was the Burroughs family of Hale County Alabama.

Final Exam Study Slide - 4

Man Ray
Natacha
1930

Working with Lee Miller, Man Ray perfected the technique of solarization, as seen in this image. Ray is also well known for his "Rayographs", where he used translucent and three dimensional objects to create photograms. He was also an influential member of both the Dada and Surrealist movements.

Final Exam Study Slide - 3

Cindy Sherman
Untitled Film Still #48
1979

Final Exam Study Slide - 2

Bernd and Hilla Becher
Water Towers
1972-1998

Beginning their collaboration at the Düsseldorf Academy in Germany, the Bechers photographed the industrial architecture populating the landscape. In focusing on architecture designed more for function than form, they created a typology of utilitarian structures.

Final Exam Study Slide - 1

Dorthea Lange
Migrant Mother, Nipomo, CA
1936

As part of the Farm Security Administration(FSA), Lange photographed the plight of the rural poor as they traveled across the United States in search of work and food.

FINAL EXAM

The final exam will be held in our normal classroom at 1pm on April 22nd. You are free to use your text and notes during the test. See you there!!!

Ansel Adams on PBS - Channel 9

Late notice: if anyone gets Channel 9, you may want to watch this program; we didn't have time to watch it in class - Doug

American Experience - Ansel Adams
On-Air & Online Monday, March 17, 2008
9 - 10:30 pm
In this elegant, moving and lyrical portrait of the most
eloquent and quintessentially American of photographers,
producer Ric Burns seeks to explore the meaning and legacy of
Adams' life and work. At the heart of the film are the great
themes that absorbed Adams throughout his career: the beauty
and fragility of "the American earth," the inseparable bond of
man and nature, and the moral obligation the present owes to
the future. (CC, Stereo)
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/ansel/

Quiz Two - Review Slides (extra-credit slides are noted)

Henry Peach Robinson, Fading Away, 1858
Robinson used 5 negatives to make this narrative picture. The dramatic subject-matter of the image was considered far too sensitive to be treated with the realistic medium of photography.




Oscar J. Rejlander, The Two Ways of Life, 1857
Rejlander used 32 negatives to create this narrative tableau scene that contrasts the sinful versus the chaste approaches to life. The photograph caused great controversy in England when it was first shown because of Rejlander's use of nudity in photography (it was ok in painting) and the multiple picture composition. See the our text and lecture notes for further description.




Julia Margaret Cameron, "Whisper of the Muse," ca. 1865
This work is typical of Cameron's work in the style of the Pre-Raphaelite painters of the day. She struggled with photography's technical processes and finally settled on using the blurred, out-of-focus imagery (that critics deplored) as her way of expressing the "greatness of the inner as well as the features of the outer. . . " Also see "Photo Book" description.




Peter H. Emerson, Coming Home From the Marshes, 1886
In his theory called Naturalism, Emerson argued that the artist should translate exactly how the eye sees, concluding that the photographer should focus on the main subject of a scene, allowing the periphery and the distance to become indistinct. He derided works of the imagination, such as those of H.P. Robinson and O.J.Rejlander as untrue and promoted photography as a "truthful" medium. See text and lecture notes.




William Henry Jackson, "Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone," ca. 1872
An important early American landscape photographer, Jackson was hired as a photographer on the Hayden Geological and Geograhic Survey of the Territories in 1870-71. He made many photographs of the Yellowstone region that helped convince the U.S. Congress to establish the area as the first National Park in 1872. He later worked for the railroads, making many dramatic photos of the railroad in the Western landscape.




Eadweard Muybridge, Mirror Lake, Yosemite, ca.1867
This is also called "Water Asleep" which was the translated Native American name for the lake. Muybridge used reflections to add atmospheric effects since it was very difficult to get detail in skies with early photo plates. Another version of Mirror Lake was taken by Muybrdge in 1872.




Edweard Muybridge, "Attitudes of Animals in Motion, Galloping Horse," 1878
See our "Photo Book" text for a good description of similar image.




Gertrude Kasebier, Blessed Art Thou Among Women, ca. 1900
Strong vertical composition in the pictorialist style; feminine and domestic subject matter, in this case portraying the mother helping the daughter to approach life directly. Kasebier was one of the founding members of the Photo-Secession, organized by Stieglit,z and the first photographer featured in Camera Work, in 1903.




F.Holland Day, Ebony & Ivory, ca.1897
Look in your notes or other resources to study this for possible extra credit.
Early use of male nudity as beauty; African American model in high esteem. What connotations does the title and subject matter in the photo have?




Andres Serrano, "Piss Christ," 1987
Serrano provokes the viewer to realize juxtapose visual beauty with intellectual concept by using iconic subject matter coupled with ironic and often repulsive titles or themes. This work and other Serrano works provoked conservative backlash that resulted in the U.S. Congress curtailing budgets of the National Endowment for the Arts.




Eduard Steichen, "J.P. Morgan," 1907
Steichen made his living as a portrait photographer of the rich and famous. In this photo, he chose a photo of Morgan that symbolized his negative feelings about the subject. Steichen was a co-founder of the "291" Gallery with Alfred Stieglitz that presented much Modernist art for the first time in America. He later became the photographer for "Vogue" and "Vanity Fair" magazines, a supervisor of photography for the Navy in World War II, and the first director of photography at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.




Alfred Stieglitz, Georgia O'Keefe, ca. 1928
Look in your notes or other resources to study this for possible extra credit.




Alfred Stieglitz, Equivalents, ca. 1929
Stieglitz chose the word Equivalents as a title to a series of cloud studies. The images were equivalent to a state of mind or stiuation for which there are no words. He chose clouds to show art and expression could be made using subject matter that was available to anyone.




Paul Strand, 1916
Look in your notes or other resources to study this for possible extra credit.




Paul Strand, The White Fence, 1916
Among other things, this photograph couples together the abstract and the real in its treatment of composition and space. It has often been called the first Modernist photograph. Why? Strand's images were admired and promoted by Stieglitz who published them in the final issue of "Camerwork."




Tina Modotti, Workers Parade, 1926
A melding of a modernist composition with concern for the humanistic elements of portraying the Mexican revolutionary culture - here she was able to take form and give it content. Modotti continued to make photographs that furthered the cause of the Mexican worker and poor.




Edward Weston, "Pepper #30," 1930
Weston's photo shows the modernist influence of emphasis on form, on the pure elements of photography such as light and detail. He also used the word "Quintessence," which was discussed in lecture or you can look up in the context of his work.




Edward Weston, "Nude," 1936
Weston established himself as both a commercial portrait photographer and as a pictorialist art photographer early in his career. In the mid-1920's he became an influential proponent of the "straight" style of photography, eventually helping to establish the Group ƒ/64. His photographs of nudes were often similar in feeling to his photographs of vegetables and vice versa emphasizing formal grace over subject-matter. See other Weston entry above and the text.




Jacques Henri Lartigue, Grand Prix, 1912
This image shows the motion of the camera and the motion of the car in one frame. Explain how Lartigue's photos are important in the understanding the developments of photography in the late 1800's and early 1900's. Also see text.




Snapshot of George Eastman, Snapshot, ca. 1889
This shows George Eastman holding his new invention, the Kodak camera. Explain how this influenced the use and the appearance of photography at the time it became popular. The shape of the photo is characteristic of a "snapshot" from a Kodak. Also, what was the Kodak motto to encourage the public's use of Eastman's invention?



Alfred Stieglitz, The Steerage, 1907
Look in your notes or other resources to study this for possible extra credit. This is one of Stieglitz' pivotal images.

Quiz One - Review Slides

Annie Liebovitz
Bette Midler in promotional photo for the movie "The Rose"
1979




Engraving of the first illustration of a camera obscura, published in 1544.



Joseph Niepce
View From His Window at Le Gras
1837
Heliograph
The oldest surviving photograph made with a camera. Niepce's exposure time is assumed to be about 8 hours, however recent research showed it may have taken over 40 hours of summer daylight to make this image.



William Henry Fox Talbot, Latticed Window, Photogenic Drawing, 1835
This is the first evidence of using a camera with light-sensitive materials. Uses the negative to positive process with a paper negative.



William Henry Fox Talbot
The Open Door, 1844
Calotype. This is a photo that appeared in the book The Pencil of Nature which was one of the first books illustrated with actual photographs. This is a calotype and the other popular invention of the time was the daguerreotype. How did these two processes compare and how did they influence the appearance of the image?


Louis Daguerre
Avenue du Temple, Paris
ca. 1838
Daguerreotype
One of Daguerre's earliest works. Notice the man getting his shoe shined is the only person in the image. Why?



Daguerreotype of Jacksonville, Oregon
The daguerreotype images were also called "mirror image" because of their high reflectance. They were presented in elaborate cases often with dark velvet on the opposite side so the dark tone would reflect off the mirror-like surface and the picture would appear more clearly.
The process was "invented" in 1839. How long was the process popular?



Hippolyte Bayard
Self-Portrait as a Drowned Man
1840
Why was this photograph titled as such?



Anonymous
Confederate Soldier, ca 1864
Tintype



Anonymous
Post-mortem photographs
1850-1860's
Daguerrotypes
Post-mortem photography flourished in the first decades of photography among clients who preferred to capture an image of a deceased loved one rather than have no photograph at all.


Southworth and Hawes
Daniel Webster, ca. 1851
Daguerreotype



Albert Sands Southworth
Self-portrait, 1848
Daguerreotype
Very unique type of portrait for the time; dramatically lit, unclothed, and a romantic pose. The image attests to the artistic approach of Sandworth and Hawes in their commericial portrait work.



David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson
3 Fisherman Onshore (in the fishing village of New Haven)
ca. 1845
This work was part of the earliest documentary photographs.



Ambrotype (collodian on glass), patented in 1854
Image on left is shown without black backing; right side has black backing applied to make the collodion look like a positive when it is actually a negative image on the glass.



Stereo Card Viewer
Oliver Wendel Holmes Invented this improved version in 1854 that made it convenient and helped popularize the stereo photographic views which were often sold by subscription and were still popular into the 1920's.



Mathew Brady
"Abraham Lincoln," 1860
Carte d'visite. These small photographs could be mass produced cheaply and were used as promotional materials for Lincoln's campaign for president. Brady directed light onto Lincoln's face to distract attention from his extremely elongated body. This photo was reproduced in newspapers and magazines across the nation and Lincoln credited it as a major factor in his being elected U.S. President.



Sally Mann
Emmett, Jessie, and Virginia, 1989
from Mann's "Immediate Family" project



An uncut print from a carte d'visite photograph. The print would be cut into multiple photographs and mounted on small cards, about 4 x 2 1/2 inches. The carte d'visite was patented in 1854 by a Frenchman, Andre Disderi.



Nadar
Sarah Bernhardt, ca. 1864
Print from Wet-plate Collodian Negative



Nadar
Self-portrait of Nadar as an Aeronaut
Circa 1863
Carte d'visite
What unique things did Nadar accomplish during his career as a photographer in Paris?



Adam Fuss
1992
Photogram on Ilfochrome


Timothy O'Sullivan
Harvest of Death, Gettysburg, PA
Albumen silver print
1863